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The Ledger · people

The Marwaris Who Built Modern Indian Industry

Founders of the great Marwari commercial houses, ordered by the earliest documented establishment of each.

Edition
2026
Entries
3
Updated
2026-07-26
How this is compiled
Methodology

The earliest documented Marwari commercial house on this list is the Goenka house, established in Calcutta around 1820 by Ramdutt Goenka after his migration from Dundlod in Shekhawati.

  1. 1

    Ramdutt Goenka

    Migrated from Dundlod in Shekhawati and established himself in Calcutta as a banker, then as an agent for British commercial interests — the earliest of the three houses on this list.

    1820
  2. 2

    Ghanshyam Das Birla

    Began independently as a jute broker in Calcutta, established Birla Jute Mills in 1918 and formed Birla Brothers Limited the following year with an investment of ₹5 million.

    1919
  3. 3

    Jamnalal Bajaj

    Adopted at five by the merchant Seth Bachharaj Bajaj and trained in the family trade, he started the Bajaj Group in 1926 — today one of India's largest business groups.

    1926